In Lomanthang, Upper Mustang, goats live and graze freely in the open landscapes, moving across the vast, rugged terrain without restrictions. Unlike commercial farms where animals are kept in enclosures and fed processed food, these goats feed naturally on wild herbs, grasses, and shrubs that grow in the rocky, high-altitude environment. This traditional way of herding has been practiced for centuries, passed down through generations of Mustang’s people.
The climate in Upper Mustang is harsh—cold winds, dry air, and rough, mountainous land make survival difficult. Yet, these goats have perfectly adapted to the extreme environment. They grow thick, warm undercoats in winter, which protect them from freezing temperatures. This soft undercoat, known as cashmere, is one of the finest natural fibers in the world. Unlike machine-fed livestock, these goats develop their wool naturally in response to the environment, making it purer, softer, and more durable.
Because the goats roam freely, they stay healthy and strong. Their movement helps maintain the natural balance of the land, preventing overgrazing in any one area. The land, in turn, gives back by providing them with a rich variety of wild plants that add to the quality of their wool. This natural cycle ensures that the ecosystem remains intact, supporting both the animals and the people who depend on them.
For the herders of Mustang, these goats are not just a source of wool and milk—they are a part of life, culture, and tradition. Many families have been raising and caring for these animals for generations, relying on their wool for trade and livelihood. In a world where large-scale industries dominate, the free-grazing goats of Lomanthang represent something rare: a way of life that respects nature, values sustainability, and maintains harmony between humans, animals, and the land.
To witness these goats freely wandering the breathtaking landscapes of Lomanthang is to see a living tradition, untouched by time. It is a reminder that nature, when left undisturbed, creates the finest things in the most natural way.